Jan’s Publications

@article{WOS:000301404200007,

title = {The emergence of gauge invariance: The stay-at-home gauge versus 

 local-global duality},

author = {J. Zaanen and A. J. Beekman},

doi = {10.1016/j.aop.2011.11.006},

issn = {0003-4916},

year  = {2012},

date = {2012-04-01},

journal = {ANNALS OF PHYSICS},

volume = {327},

number = {4},

pages = {1146-1161},

publisher = {ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE},

address = {525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA},

abstract = {In condensed matter physics, gauge symmetries other than the U(1) of 

 electromagnetism are of an emergent nature. Two emergence mechanisms for 

 gauge symmetry are well established: the way in which it arises in 

 Kramers-Wannier type local-global dualities, and the way in which local 

 constraints encountered in (doped) Mott insulators are encoded. We 

 demonstrate that these gauge structures are closely related, and appear 

 as counterparts in the canonical and field-theoretical languages. The 

 restoration of symmetry in a disorder phase transition is due to having 

 the original local variables subjected to a coherent superposition of 

 all possible topological defect configurations, with the effect that 

 correlation functions are no longer well-defined. This is completely 

 equivalent to assigning gauge freedom to those variables. Two cases are 

 considered explicitly: the well-known vortex duality in bosonic Mott 

 insulators serves to illustrate the principle; and the acquired wisdom 

 is then applied to the less familiar context of dualities in quantum 

 elasticity, where we elucidate the relation between the quantum nematic 

 and linearized gravity. We reflect on some deeper implications for the 

 emergence of gauge symmetry in general. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All 

 rights reserved.},

keywords = {Duality; Gauge invariance; Emergence; Topological defects},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}